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Ninay

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Ninay

Pedro Paterno

Paterno, Pedro. Ninay. Manila: Limbagan nang La Republika Kiotan Bilang 30, 1908. Pp. 1-262.

PANGKALAHATANG BUOD: Ninay ang kauna-unahang nobelang Tagalog [at Filipino], at nagtipon ng malawak na bilang ng tema at motif na pawang humubog sa maraming tekstong pampanitikan. Ginamit ang pasiyam bilang balangkas, ang nobela’y naglahad ng serye ng mga salaysay na bumubuo sa iba-ibang naunsiyaming pag-ibig. Unang kabiguan ang pag-iibigan ni Ninay, na pinagdarasalan, at ni Carlos Mabagsic, na pinagbintangan ng negosyanteng Portuges na si Federico Silveyro na namuno sa pag-aaklas. Matapos ang makulay na pakikipagsapalaran sa ibayong dagat, nagbalik si Carlos at natuklasang pumasok sa kumbento si Ninay. Namatay sa kolera si Carlos, at namatay sa sakit si Ninay. Isa pang kuwento ng bigong pag-ibig ang kina Loleng at Berto na pinaghiwalay ni Don Juan Silverio. Ipinaghiganti ni Berto ang pagkamatay ni Loleng, at lumaban sa awtoridad. Si Berto rin ang nagwakas sa baluktot na gawi ni Federico.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: The first Philippine novel, Ninay gathers together a large number of themes and motifs which shaped the works of a large number of literary texts. Using the nine-day novena for the dead (pasiam) as the frame, the novel unfolds a series of narratives that constitute variations of unrequited love. The first doomed love affair is between Ninay, for whom the prayers for the dead are being said, and Carlos Mabagsic falsely accused by the villainous Portuguese businessman Federico Silveyro of leading an insurrection. After a colorful sojourn abroad, Carlos returns only to find out that Ninay has entered a convent. He dies of cholera and Ninay succumbs to the disease and also dies. Unrequited love because of the machinations of another evil character, Don Juan Silveyro, is also the fate of ill-starred Loleng and Berto, who becomes an outlaw to avenge the death of his sweetheart. It is Berto who finally puts an end to the wicked ways of Federico.

PAMBUNGAD NA TALA: Isinulat bilang tugon sa paratang na walang natatanging kultura ang mga Filipino, ang Ninay ay nakaayon sa tradisyon ng kostumbrismo, ang kilusan sa panitikang Espanyol noong siglo disinuwebe na nagtatampok ng mga tiyak na katangian (e.g., flora, fawna, ritwal, at rito) ng bawat rehiyon ng Espanya. Ito ang pangunahing puna sa nobela ni Paterno—ang paggamit ng di-makatotohanang pananaw. Ngunit kinontra iyon ni Leon Ma. Guerrero, na tagasalin ng mga nobela ni Rizal—at sinabing maraming pagkakahawig sa Ninay at sa mga nobela ni Rizal, batay sa mga tauhan at balangkas ng banghay.

INTRODUCTORY NOTE: Written as a response to the accusation that Filipinos possessed no distinct culture, Ninay was written in the tradition of costumbrismo, a movement in Spanish literature in the nineteenth century that celebrated specific features (e.g. flora, fauna, rituals, and rites) of Spain's various regions. The novel's series of overlapping narratives were thus juxtaposed against the country's bucolic scenes and social and religious rites. This is a major criticism against Paterno's novel--its use of a non-realistic perspective. But Leon Ma. Guerrero, an influential translator of Rizal's novels, has pointed out the numerous similarities between Ninay and Rizal's novels in terms of characters and plot structure.

Executive Summary and Introductory Note in English written by Soledad S. Reyes, Ph.D., translated to Filipino by Roberto T. Añonuevo.

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